Paul Robeson
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Biography
[Edit]Paul Robeson excelled as an athlete, actor, singer, and activist, qualifying him as a contemporary renaissance man. His early accomplishments as a professional football player, Columbia law school graduate, and an actor on Broadway in the 1920s seemed but a prologue to even greater achievements to come. Involvement with the political left in the 1940s, however, led to a confrontation with the House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in the late 1940s. He was blacklisted, his passport was revoked, and his career came to a halt.
Robeson was born on April 9, 1898 in Princeton, New Jersey. His father had been a runaway slave who became a Methodist minister, and his mother died from a stove-fire accident when he was six. At the age of 17, Robeson became the third African American to enter Rutgers College (now University) where he made All-American in football and lettered in four varsity sports. Many of these achievements were nonetheless overshadowed by racism: his teammates often harassed him and he was barred from the school's glee club. After Rutgers, he played professional football on the weekends to support his studies in law at Columbia University. Following graduation he obtained work at a New York law firm, but quit when a stenographer refused to copy a memo, telling him, "I never take diction from a n****r."
Since Robeson already had experience in theater, his wife, Eslanda Cardozo Goode, encouraged him to pursue acting. In 1922 he appeared on Broadway, playing Jim in Jim H. Harris' Taboo, and then traveled to England where he revised the role. He joined Eugene O'Neill's Greenwich Village Provincetown Players on his return, and appeared in All God's Chillun Got Wings. He also won critical acclaim for his starring role in The Emperor Jones in 1925. Robeson toured England and the United States over the next three years, signing black spirituals and creating a sensation with his role as Joe in Showboat.
For the next ten years, Robeson lived abroad, avoiding the simmering racial conflicts in the United States. He appeared in Othello and The Hairy Ape, toured Europe, and even visited Russia, where he was well-received. In the late 1930s he also reexamined his passive stance toward political issues. After singing for the opponents of Franco in Spain, he embraced communism and decided to return to America to fight racism. Stateside, Robeson busied himself with protesting against lynching, picketing the White House, and refusing to perform for segregated audiences.
Even with his awakened interest in politics, Robeson maintained a busy acting and singing schedule in the early 1940s, first appearing in a radio performance of Ballad for Americans and later in the first American version of Othello to include an African American in the lead role. His controversial political positions, including a suggestion that blacks should refuse to fight if the United States went to war with Russia, soon caused repercussions. When appearing before HUAC, the Committee asked him why he didn't relocate to Russia. He replied: "Because my father was a slave, and my people died to build this country, and I am going to stay right here and have a part of it just like you."
The U.S. State Department revoked Robeson's passport in 1950, which meant he would be forced to remain in the United States, where he was blacklisted. When he completed his autobiography in 1958, even the New York Times and the New York Herald-Tribune chose not to review it. After his passport was reinstated in 1958, he traveled once again to Britain and Russia, where he remained popular. Following stage work in Europe and Australia, Robeson returned to the United States in 1963 due to declining health.
Isolated from many former friends and supporters, Robeson attempted to commit suicide twice. He also suffered a number of breakdowns and became dependent on psychotropic drugs. It was ironic to many that throughout the '60s and '70s, as African Americans began to actively fight for racial equality in the United States, Robeson, an outspoken advocate of these issues, remained withdrawn and on the sidelines. Americans, however, didn't forget him. On April 15, 1973, admirers gathered at New York's Carnegie Hall to celebrate his 75th birthday. Robeson was admitted to Presbyterian University Hospital in Philadelphia on December 28, 1975 following a massive stroke. He died on January 23, 1976. ~ Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr., Rovi
Title: On My Journey: Paul Robeson's Independent Recordings
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Gospel, World Music, Pop, Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: The Peace Arch Concerts (Live)
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Gospel, Pop, Songwriter/Lyricist, Classical
Title: Freedom Train and the Welsh Transatlantic Concert (Live)
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: Ol Man River - The Ultimate Collection (Remastered)
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: World Music, Pop, Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: Ol' Man River (From "Show Boat") - Single
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Gospel, Pop, Theatre/Soundtrack
Title: Paul Robeson: Black Historian, Vol. 2
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Gospel, Pop, Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: My Journey: Paul Robeson Live at Carnegie Hall
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: Gospel, World Music, Pop, Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: The Collector's Paul Robeson
Artist: Paul Robeson
Genre: World Music, Contemporary Folk, Folk
Title: Spolianksy: A Musical Portrait
Artist: Marlene Dietrich, Paul Robeson, Le$, Mistinguett, Ron Goodwin And His Orchestra, Marek Weber Orchestra, Comedian Harmonists, Queen's Hall Light Orchestra, Mischa Spoliansky, Hans Albers, Lucie Mannheim, Studio Orchestra, Patrice Munsel, The Gordon Jenkins Orchestra, Studio Chorus, Joseph Schmidt, Jan Kiepura, Oskar Karlweis, Mischa Spoliansky Revue Orchestra, Paul Godwin Orchestra, Jazz Symphony Orchestra, Max Hansen, Curt Bois, Margo Lion, Blandine Ebinger, Anton Walbrook, London Film Orchestra, Marek Weber Künstlerkapelle / Marek Weber Kunstlerkapelle, Jack Presburg Jazz Orchestra, Argentinische Tangokapelle, Melodic Jazz Du Casino De Paris, Dajos Béla / Dajos Bela, Harry Dawson, Annemarie Hase, Trude Hesterberg, Hubert Von Meyerinck, Käthe Lenz / Kathe Lenz, Willy Prager, Otto Wallburg, Diez Weismann
Genre:
Collections
Title: Christmas Legends - 100 Hits (CD2)
Genre: Traditional Pop Music
Title: Don't Mourn - Organize!
Genre: Alternative Rock, World Music
Title: To Mother With Love
Genre: Pop
Title: Mega Gospel (CD4)
Genre: Gospel
Title: A Time To Remember: 1931
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1936
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1940
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1932
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1938
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1935
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1937
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1942
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1934
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1939
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: A Time To Remember: 1933
Genre: Blues, Jazz, Rock, World Music, Pop
Title: The Social Power Of Music (CD1)
Genre: Blues, World Music, Folk
Title: The Year In Classical Music 2019
Genre: Classical
Title: The Year 1916 In Classical Music
Genre: Classical
Title: The Classic Songs Of George Gershwin (CD2)
Genre: Jazz, Vocal Jazz, Pop
Title: 100 Greatest Songs Of The 1920s (CD2)
Genre: Soul, Vocal Jazz, Pop
Title: Songs Of Civil Rights & Protest (CD1)
Genre: Blues, World Music, Folk
Title: Songs Of Civil Rights & Protest (CD2)
Genre: Blues, World Music, Folk
Featuring albums
Title: Rodgers & Hammerstein Collection
Artist: Rodgers & Hammerstein
Genre: Pop, Theatre/Soundtrack
Title: The Best of Broadway - The American Musical (PBS Series)
Artist: Best Of Broadway: American Musical
Genre:
Title: Greatest Musicals Double Feature - Carousel & Show Boat
Artist: Original Cast
Genre: Theatre/Soundtrack
Title: Musical Favourites
Artist: Eugene Ormandy, Philadelphia Orchestra, The
Genre: Theatre/Soundtrack
Title: Classic Folk Music from Smithsonian Folkways Recordings
Artist: Various Artists
Genre: World Music, Contemporary Folk, Folk
Title: Don't Mourn-Organize!: Songs of Labor Songwriter Joe Hill
Artist: Various Artists
Genre: World Music, Folk
Title: The Essential Gospel Sampler
Artist: Various
Genre: Gospel, Christian Rock, Christian Country Music
Title: A Christmas Nativity (Christmas in the 1920-1930s)
Artist: Various Artists
Genre: Traditional Pop Music
Title: Epic Americana: Pre-War Blues, Country & Folk
Artist: Various Artists
Genre: Blues, Country, Songwriter/Lyricist
Title: Beulah 25: A Celebration (1993 - 2018)
Artist: Various Artists
Genre: Classical, Classical Crossover
Title: Showboat (Original Soundtrack)
Artist: Original Broadway Cast
Genre: Tech House, Hip Hop/R&B, Theatre/Soundtrack, Musical